What piece of equipment is used to convert AC to DC?

The correct answer is the rectifier. A rectifier is a crucial component in electrical engineering used specifically for converting alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It allows current to flow in only one direction through its diodes, effectively filtering out the negative portions of the AC waveform. This process produces a pulsating DC output, which can be further smoothed using capacitors or additional circuitry.

In contrast, generators are devices that produce AC or DC power but are not specifically designed for the purpose of conversion; they can create either type depending on their construction. Inverters perform the opposite function of rectifiers; they convert DC back to AC, making them essential in applications like solar power systems where DC from solar panels is converted to AC for household use. Transformers are used to change the voltage level of AC but do not convert AC to DC. They work only with alternating current and cannot function with direct current. Understanding the distinct functions of these components helps clarify the role of the rectifier in electrical systems.